Christianity

The 7 Sacraments

1. Baptism
2. Reconciliation
3. Confirmation
4. Holy Communion
5. Marriage
6. Holy Orders
7. Annointing of the Sick

Corpus Christi Feast Celebration

•Takes place on Thursday the 7th June every year.

•It is a time when Catholics worship Christ publically and in every way they can.

•In commemoration many Christians receive communion on this day.

•There are processions through streets, masses for the Eucharist, 6 or 4 candles burn on the alter.

•In some countries the bread (or host) is paraded throughout the streets. Priests carry the bread in a monstrance, which is a type of vessel. In Spain and Provence the processions can be elaborate, featuring saints and characters from the Bible, following a path decorated with wreaths and flowers.

•The most important part of the ceremony is when the bishop raises the silver monstrance and exposes the Blessed Sacrament, the “body of Christ.”

•Background: Corpus Christi has been in honour of the Catholic Church since 1246. The term is latin thats means the body of Christ. The date changes every year and is celebrated on the Thursday after Trinity Sunday or on the Sunday after Holy Trinity in some countries.

The feast was introduced from Belgium to England at some stage between 1318 and 1325, according to various sources.

Christianity Webquest

Christianity WebQuest

How many followers are there of Christianity worldwide? 2.1 billion Christians in the world.

Place of Origin: Israel.

Founder: Jesus of Nazareth.

Sacred Text: Bible.

Name the two major Christian festivals: Easter and Christmas.

What are the four names that Jesus is known by? Son of God, Light of the world, Lamb of God and the God Shepherd.

What is the name of the people who believe in Jesus Christ and follow His teachings? Christians.

Christians believe that there is only one God, but that this one God consists of 3 “persons”.  Name the three persons: Father, Son and the Holy Spirit.

The place of Christian worship is called a Church.

Name the writers of the Gospels,: Matthew, Mark, Luke and John.

Draw and name the three Christian symbols:

Name: The dove is the symbol of holy spirit and peace                  Name: Fish    Name: The cross.

Name the 10 Commandments:

            1. Thou shalt have no other gods before me.

            2. Thou shalt not make unto thee given graven image.

            3. Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord in vain.

            4. Remember the Sabbath day and keep it holy.

5. Honour thy father and thy mother.

            6. Thou shalt not kill.

            7. Thou shalt not commit adultery.

            8. Thou shalt not steal.

            9. Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor.

            10. Thou shalt no covet anything that is thy neighbour’s.

How do the first 3 commandments differ from the last 7 seven commandments? The first 3 are about loving God and the other commandments are about loving eachother.

Which religion did Christianity develop from? Judaism.

Name the 3 variants of Christianity: Orthodox, Catholicism and Protestantism.  

Christianity

Christianity:

• "Christianity Christ," literally means "anionted one." Is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament.
• Christians believe Jesus is the son of God having become man and the saviour of humanity. Christian, therefore, commonly refer to Jesus as Christ or Messiah.

Christian Beliefs:

• There is one God
• The belief in the trinty (there is one god but in 3 forms)
• God created the world and is good
• Man is created in the image of God
• Jesus is the son of God, was sent to save mankind
• Belief in God brings salvation
• The holy spirit directs the Church
• Man has free will

Denominations/Varients:
Christianity contains 3 main branches which are:

• Roman Catholicism
• Orthodox Church
• Protestantism

Catholic Church:
The catholic church comprises those Particular churches, headed by bishops, in communion with the Pope, the Bishops of Rome, as it's the highest authority in matters of faith.

Orthodox Church
Comprises those churches in communion with the Patriachal Sees of the East, such as the Ecumenical Patriach of Constantinople. In the 11th Century the Catholic Church in Rome split with the Eastern Church in Constantinople (known as Turkey today). This split is called the great Schism, as a result the Orthodox Church is formed.

Protestantism:
In the 16th Century, Martin Luther, Huldrych Zwingli and John Calvin inaugurated what has come to be called Protestantism. There are mant different forms of protestant religions.
Protestantism is a branch within christianity, containing many denominations with some differing practices and doctrines, that principally originated in the 16th Century Protestant Reformation.

Task: Choose and name 2 varients and answer the following questions.

1. How many worldwide followers does the varient have?Protestant: 370 million.
   Orthodox: 300 million.
2. What are the key central beliefs?
   Protestant: Doctrine should not be based upon church tradition. Protestants base religious authority solely on the 66 books of the Old and New Testament. Also “Justification by faith alone” which asserts that salvation is achieved individually through the merit of faith, and not faith plus the efforts of oneself and others. This means that Protestant Churches do not create saints and saints are not considered capable of interceding with God on behalf of believers. They also believe that Baptism and eucharist are the central sacraments.
   Orthodox: Holy Tradition is very important which includes the bible church and sacraments, and mary is the mother of God.
   
3. What is the logo of the church? Protestantism: the cup with the cross and the bread.
   Orthodox: the trinity.
4. When was the church formed?Prodestantism: 16th Century.
   Orthodox: 33AD in Jerusalem.
5. Who is the head of the church?Protestant: the Spirit of Christ.
   Orthodox: Jesus

Varients in Judaism

What is a varient?

Two or more people or things that have slight differences in opinions. The three major varients or streams in Judaism are conservative, Orthodox and reform (liberal or progressive).

Orthodox	Conservative	Progressive
No driving on Saturdays	Women and men can sit together in the synagogue	Less strict and relatively new
Don’t accept the changes of reformed Jews	Believe Jewish laws can be changed	They are allowed to marry other religions
Women and men separated in the synagogue for prayer and rituals	moderate	Don’t believe the torah was written by god and given on tablets of stone
most traditional with lots of rules and are very strict		Allows people to live a contemporary life in modern society

For each statement below write wether they are orthodox, conservative or progressive:

• relaxed practice fits in society Progressive
• Individual praying and occasional conversation in service Progressive
• 
  Traditional beliefs but addressing contemporary needs Conservative
• 
  Men and women sit seperately  in the synogogue Orthodox
• Men and women sit together and participate fully in service, prayer and richuals Conservative and Progressive
• 
  Women do not practice in richuals Orthodox
• English used for part of the service Progressive
• 
  

  Strict dress and dietry laws Orthodox
• They always worship in Hebrew Orthodox
• 
  

  Women can lead services and can become Rabbis Progressive

Kosher Menu

Splash Restaurant and Dessert Bar

We offer a range of foods which are delicious and match the requirements of the Kosher laws.

Scrummy Breakfast Menu (available till 1:00)
1. Muesli
A bowl of refreshing muesli with your choice of either vanilla yoghurt or fresh fruit or both.
2. Cooked BreakfastConsists of fried mushrooms, cooked tomato and eggs (which can be poached, boiled or fried)
Yummy Lunch Menu
1. Shephards Pie
With peas and carrots
2. Fried Fish & Tomato
3. Pasta Sicillian with Mixed Vegetables
Try this one at home! 

• 1 lb spaghettini (get the thinnest spaghetti you can find)
• 1/2 cup soy sauce
• 1/4 cup sesame oil (some reviewers have said that 1/2 cup of oil is too much and have halved the amount, so use your own)
• 1/3 cup sugar
• 3 scallions, thinly sliced
• 1/4 cup sesame seed (or more)

Funky Chicken

• 1/4 cup soy sauce
• 1/4 cup teriyaki sauce
• 2 garlic cloves, minced
• 1/4 cup brown sugar
• 1 teaspoon fresh ginger, chopped (or 1/4 teaspoon dried)
• 4 boneless skinless chicken breasts
• sesame oil, for sauteing

Directions:

1. First make the sesame noodles: Cook the spaghetti according to package directions.
2. Drain (I also rinse).
3. In a jar, add the soy sauce, sesame oil and the sugar.
4. Shake until well blended and the sugar has dissolved.
5. Pour this over the pasta.
6. Toss with scallions and sprinkle with the sesame seeds.
7. Set aside while you marinate and then cook the chicken.
8. Funkying the chicken: In a bowl mix the soy sauce, teriyaki sauce, garlic, brown sugar and the ginger.
9. Make sure the sugar has pretty much dissolved.
10. Add the chicken, making sure it's all coated with the sauce.
11. Cover and stick in the fridge for 2-3 hours.
12. Remove the chicken from the marinade, and toss out the marinade left at the bottom of the bowl.
13. Heat the sesame oil in a large non-stick pan.
14. Add the chicken in batches and saute for about 10 minutes, or until done, adding more sesame oil as needed.
15. Remove the chicken from the pan and let cool slightly.
16. Slice the chicken diagonally into thin strips.
17. Serve the chicken over the sesame noodles.
18. Stand back and watch your guests/children/loved ones inhale this dish.

Delish Dinner Menu
1. (Vegetarian) Spaghetti Neapolitan Green Beans & Carrots
2. Lasagne with mixed vegetables and spinach 
3. Chicken Chasseur with rice

Irresistable Desserts Menu
1. Blackcurrent and apple Delight
Black current and apple pie with a cruncy topping.
2. Peaches and pears (suitable for diabetics)
Soft peaches and pears baked with sugar and honey
3. Chocolate mud cake
4. Jam Tart
Strawberry jam cooked in perfect pastry.

Kosher = food which is allowed. It is the Jewish dietry requirements.

Treyfah = Food which is NOT allowed. 

"These are the animals which you are permitted to eat... anything which has a completely split hoof and chews cud..." (Leviticus 11:2-3)

In leviticus is says:

• all plants are kosher, but not all animals, birds or fish are.
• Animals must also be killed in a special manner and have all the blood removed before the meat ca be eaten by Jews.  

How are animals killed?
Jews may only eat animals and birds that have been killed by Shechitah.
Shechitah is killing the animals by slitting the throat with a very sharp knife.
This has been shows to be painless to the animals, as causing pain to living things is against Jewish law.
The theory is that the sharpened knife cuts the carotid so that the animal loses consciousness before they are able to feel pain.

Kosher	Non-Kosher
Chicken	Pig
Sheep	Rabbit
Cow	Camel
Fish with fins	Eel
Goat	Most Birds

 "You must not cook a young goat in its mother's milk."
Jews who keep kosher kitchens do not eat meat or dairy foods together.
Seperate sets of crockery, cutlery and cooking utensils are used. After eating meat strict Jews will wait several hours before eating dairy products.
Foods which contain either neither meat nor milk, fruit or vegetables, may be eaten with neither meat or vegetables.
The lislt of food wich is allowed is found in the Torah.

Judaism

Origins

·         Judaism is one of the three Prophetic Monotheistic Religions in the world; the other two are Christianity and Islam.

·         Judaism is Prophetic as there were numerous Prophets who predicted the coming of a Messiah, Monotheistic as they believe in one God- mono (one) theology (belief/study of God).

History

·         Jews are an ancient people of around 3000 years old, their history is told in the Bible and is traced back to Abraham of around 1900BC (before common time era).

·         The Jews have been known as Jews, Israelites and Hebrews. Jesus was a Jew, however the Jews accept Jesus as a wise man, but not the chosen Messiah as Christians believe, hence Judaism predates and heavily influences Christianity, but is not part of Christianity).

Abraham

·         Abraham is one of the first recorded leaders of the Hebrews in the Bible. He was a wealthy man who was called by God to leave his land and move from Ur to Canaan, or Israel as it is called today.

·         Abraham heard the call of the Lord to stop believing in pagan Gods (like God of wind, God of Mountain, etc) and he followed God’s request and led his people from Mesopotamia to Canaan. This journey is recorded in the book of Genesis. We can map his journey here: http://www.biblemap.org/#Haran

Questions

Who is Abraham?

Abraham was the first Jew. He was a man of God and learned to turn away from Pagan Gods and instead only follow and believe in one God, the Lord. 

What did Abraham believe? How was it different to the people of the time?

Abraham believed in one God, who was the Creator, whereas the people of the time believed in many Pagan Gods.

What do you think a Covenant is, what Covenant did God make with Abraham?

A Covenant is an understanding or promise. God made this Covenant with Abraham:

·         To make him a father of many nations

·         To bless everyone in his name

·         To give him the promised land

What sacrifice was Abraham requested to make? Why did God ask this of Abraham?

Abraham was requested to sacrifice his own son Isaac. God asked this of Abraham to test his faith, but before Abraham could make this sacrifice he sent an angel to stop Abraham.

Search the site for the word Patriarchs? What does this mean?

Patriarchs refer to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, the fathers of Judaism.

From http://www.jewfaq.org

The Old Testament

Genesis: Story of Creation

·         God is the creator

·         Adam & Eve are the first humans, who eat the forbidden fruit

·         Original Sin is what everyone is born with

Exodus: Exit

·         Moses is the most important prophet, who leads the Israelites out of Egypt to freedom

·         1200BC

·         They are heading towards the promised land, the covenant God made with Abraham

David & Goliath

·         After wandering the desert for 40 years King David becomes the King of the Jews

     ·         King David- Star of David

Core Beliefs

Being Jewish

The term “Jewish” can be used to describe a race and a culture rather than a religion, so some who identify themselves as Jewish may have little interest in the beliefs and practices associated with the religion of Judaism.

The Torah

The Jews believe in the teaching of the Jewish Bible, known as the Torah. This is the First Testament of the Christian Bible. There is no Second Testament or New Bible for Jews.

Why?  The Jews do not include the New Testament because they do not believe that Jesus came as the Messiah.

What are the first five books of the Torah?

·         Genesis

·         Exodus

·         Leviticus

·         Numbers

·         Deuteronomy

Written Law and Oral Law

There are 613 commandments found in the Torah (‘Written Law’). T almud (‘Oral Law’) is the commentary of ancient rabbis that elaborates on how to apply God’s Law in everyday life through:

·         Dietary rules (Kashrut/ Koshner)

·         Dress and other symbols

·         Prayer and devotion to the one God

·         The Temple and Temple rites

·         Observance of Holy Days

·         Proper social relations between male and female, in business, judicial rulings, etc.

Core Beliefs

Jews firmly believe that there is only one God. There are 13 main beliefs of Jews believe in, which include:

·         God exists

·         God is one and unique

·         God is eternal

·         Prayer is to God only

·         The prophets spoke truth

·         Moses was the greatest of the prophets

·         The Written and Oral Torah were given to Moses

·         There will be no other Torah

·         God will reward the good and punish the wicked

·         The messiah will come

·         The dead will be resurrected

Judaism is a monotheistic religion, with one eternal God. They believe in the prophets, especially Moses, and they believe that the Torah is the word. They believe that Judgement Day and the Messiah are yet to come.

The Family

The heart of Judaism is in the home and family, social responsibility and doing Mitzvot (‘good deeds’ based on God’s commandments). Through education and hard work they make their lives, the lives of others, and the world what God intended it to be- holy.